Vision and multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) can impact visual acuity in several ways including optic neuritis, decreased eye muscle strength and coordination, and increased visual fatigue. Visual input accounts for 70% to 80% of sensory input to the brain, so if there is impairment here there will be decreased efficiency in several daily tasks.

Visual deficits can also lead to difficulty navigating the environment, increasing the chance for a fall in the home or community. It is essential to have an eye exam if there are any concerns regarding vision.

  • Decreased clarity for near or far vision
  • Blind spots
  • Dizziness
  • Headaches
  • Loss of side vision
  • Double vision
  • Feeling as though your eyes are jumping

Any of these deficits can impact your performance and enjoyment of daily tasks. Visual deficits are often noticed when completing tasks such as reading, writing, driving a car, dressing yourself, walking, cooking, and using a computer.

If your vision is impaired, this may lead to increased strain while reading, using your phone, or using a computer, which can contribute to headaches and increased overall fatigue.

Many times, people report having to reread items or accidentally skipping lines of text while reading.

While walking, if you are not seeing adequately you may miss a step or find yourself bumping into things often.

These are just a few examples of how impaired vision can significantly impact your ability to safely and effectively complete daily tasks.

If you notice visual changes, you may want to seek additional medical attention. There are several medical professionals who are trained to evaluate visual changes in individuals with multiple sclerosis.

Eye care professionals

Eye care professionals (optometrists, ophthalmologists) will complete a vision exam and evaluate eye health. They may prescribe corrective lenses, drops or refer to specialized provider if indicated.

Low vision services are typically state funded and provide adaptations to compensate for low vision (decreased acuity or impaired contrast).

Adaptations include:

  • High-contrast items such as a computer keyboard or feeding and grooming equipment
  • Magnifiers
  • Technology such as screen readers

Occupational therapists

Occupational therapists (OTs) are clinicians trained to complete basic visual screens and to provide education and adaptation for daily tasks while dealing with vision loss or vision changes. OTs typically work with other healthcare providers and can assist with recommending additional visual services if indicated.

Occupational therapists can:

  • Provide recommendations for home modifications to increase safety
  • Educate on use of color overlays to improve contrast
  • Work on visual scanning strategies
  • Provide strategies to organize the home and decrease visual clutter
  • Provide education on ergonomics for visual health with computer usage

If you or your loved one is experiencing any changes to your vision, it is a good idea to bring this up in your next visit with your provider so that you can be referred to the appropriate services.

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